SENSATIONALISM – TREND AND PROBLEM OF MONTENEGRIN MEDIA

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One of the main tasks of the Montenegrin media today is surviving on the market. Therefore it is not surprising that the media are focused solely on profits and do not think about the code of ethics or the consequences they may cause. Wishing to attract the audience, the media have forgotten the decency, good taste in expression, respect of generally recognised social values. This concept is characteristic of many media around the world. The media no longer have an informative and educational function; quite on the contrary, they amuse us, shock us, and develop our “negative” curiosity by their black chronicles. Reporting of suicides, murders, crimes and traffic accidents makes people buy a newspaper or (not) change the channel. The race for profits led to violations of professional standards of reporting, such as truthfulness, balance and objectivity. It is important to be the first at any cost, while the infliction of harm to individuals is not much considered. High circulation and ratings are not reflection of media quality.

CIVIL JOURNALISM IN DIGITAL 21st CENTURY

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In The World’s Eternal Humming I research civil journalism in digital age (especially online journalism), its basic characteristics and attributes, its phenomenal aspects, its relation to professional journalists and bloggers as well as the cooperation of media and citizen – reporters. I also analyze the key attributes of the screen culture and the digital paradigm – the radical media convergence and information overload. The paper offers some possible answers to the following questions: how can media follow those changes, how can media discuss various matters and cooperate with their audience? What are possible ways for media to give professional help to the growing needs of the citizens to express themselves and announce their stance in the global digital network? And is it actually necessary? In the conclusion I propose a short critical review on the position and the role of the citizen (online) journalism today.

LOW WAGES AND HIGH TECHNOLOGY – JOURNALISTS AND JOURNALISM IN SERBIA

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This paper discusses major findings of the research project “Profession at the Crossroads – Journalism at the Threshold of the Information Society” conducted by the Faculty of Political Sciences’ Center for Media and Media Research from July 2010 till June 2011. The aim of the project was to examine social, economic and technological qualities of the journalistic community in Serbia and its capacity to respond to challenges facing the profession regarding global media changes and domestic transitional processes. Research results indicate that journalism in Serbia is in a state of limbo, and caught between delayed transition and information society very slowly mobilizes resources to respond to the forthcoming challenges. 

TRUTH FROM THE MACHINE

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The world of multiplying products which machinery from the Industrial Revolution brought about among other things, a machine whose main task in the future will be – to work with our shadows. Writing with light (photographs) in fact cannot exist without the sun / light and shadows. Hence, photography deals with researching shadows that the technical aid has left to us. At the entrance to the modern European game of shadows, concepts such as heliography, daguerreotypes, talbotization are properly elevated … They testify to the desire of the creators of individual techniques to attain eternity by means of technical devices that they invented. People came to see Daguerre’s dioramas, Don Slater says, “to see the re-creation of the real, and not merely an image of reality”. It’s as if God has once again found a way to show himself from the machine. The human need for meaning has gained a new partner. No illusion is more convincing than the one that is the result of precise, predictable, scientifically substantiated – machine steps. The text is intended to reflect on the following: What happened to the Truth after the appearance of photography?

RADIO OF REPUBLIC SRPSKA, ITS SOCIAL ROLE – TRENDS, DILEMMAS, CHALLENGES

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The public service broadcasting programme should match the widest needs of society, and its listeners. The programme structure should meet the requirements of most social groups and individuals, the programme content. A significant social role of the public service is unquestionable, but different programme segments are not usually sufficiently represented in the scheme offered. In creating the programme scheme diverse contents should be balanced. In today’s world radio has a strong social impact. Information transmitted through speech is very important. The influence of content transmitted through speech is often stronger than the influence of content transmitted in writing. On the future of public services, the impact has technology and society-quot; or listeners, which the receiver looking for the programming content. Key benefits of electronic media in relation to print, are often related to the news programmmes that are faster, more accessible at all times, and everywhere. In this sense, radio has no equal, especially when, except for the fact, supply and make sense of presence or participation in the event (live broadcast). The programs should increasingly incorporate documentary, informative, educational, dramatic-art, music and entertainment elements. So, the public service broadcasting should be a service that meets the communication needs of all citizens and which is also under their control.

MEDIA TRENDS AND CREATING CONSCIOUSNESS

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Media articles and radio and television programmes influence our everyday lives and the way we perceive ourselves and others. However, media are mere mediators. They are a reflection of the broad social consciousness, relations in society, civilization and cultural achievements of every nation and the particular time phase. Senders and receivers of messages are strongly intertwined, which is determined by the social environment. The theoretical communication aspect of media is a very sensitive issue, bounded by numerous social, political and cultural affinities, as a result of which perception of media reporting and the notion of credibility remain a field suitable for research in line with different social circumstances, as well as with the development of new technologies which are changing the established notion of the role of media and media professionalism. Major changes have occurred in the last decade with regard to mainstream media too, which in the race for market share have rejected the so-called in-depth reporting and dominantly fostered fact-based forms. Research carried out through media content analysis which is presented in the paper corroborates these indications and trends.

EUROPEAN MEDIA POLICY, WHERE IS IT GOING?

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Europe is a part of the world characterized by the decennial effort of its countries to form a unique kind of policy in all fields and therefore in media as well. The common policy rose from a desire for construction of a unique media space and a need for information exchange over the state borders. Even though this intention was not immediately realized, some other principles and values in the respect of realizing human rights, free flow of information, media pluralism, support of objective and independent media, cooperation and exchange of content were present at all times in the international framework and bound together the common point of view on these questions. Nowdays it can be concluded that the European media policy is very firmly established in spite of difficulties and differences. That is precisely why it is interesting to see which way is it going nowdays and what are its goals. Is there any danger from technological-commercial interests to overshadow needs for objective and qualitative informing and other contents, or does Europe have its own mechanisms to, without giving up on innovations, canalize their influence for the well-being of people and preservation of civilization’s values.

LITERARY JOURNALISM

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A relatively new term, literary journalism (LJ) is not a new genre. The roots of LJ lie in the approach to journalism of writers such as Daniel Defoe, George Orwell, Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway, John Steinbeck. It refers to print journalism that combines immersion reporting with elegant narrative. LJ tends to be taught in journalism departments as a form of reporting and not in the writing ones where creative nonfiction is taught. But, today there is no so implicit difference between the two.